Erbil Travel Guide

Discover the best attractions, activities, accommodations, and tips for traveling to Erbil, Iraq, with this helpful travel guide.


Introduction to Erbil

Located in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, Erbil is the capital city of the autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government. Also known as Hawler in Kurdish, Erbil has a rich cultural history dating back over 7,000 years. It is home to numerous historical and cultural attractions, as well as natural wonders, making it a must-visit destination for travelers looking for a unique Middle Eastern adventure.

List of Places to Visit in Erbil

Culturally Important Attractions: Museums and Historical Places

Erbil Citadel

The Erbil Citadel, also known as Qalat Erbil, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that has been inhabited continuously for over 5,000 years. It is a well-preserved example of a fortified settlement and is one of the most important cultural landmarks in Kurdistan.

Kurdish Textile Museum

The Kurdish Textile Museum houses a collection of Kurdish textiles from across Kurdistan, including traditional carpets, kilims, and weavings. Visitors can learn about the history and significance of these textiles and see how they are made.

Shanidar Cave

Shanidar Cave is an archaeological site located in Bradost Mountain, about 10 miles north of Erbil. It is home to 10 Neanderthal skeletons, as well as evidence of early human habitation dating back over 60,000 years.

Natural Attractions of Erbil: Outdoor Adventures and Scenic Views

Gali Ali Beg

Gali Ali Beg is a beautiful canyon located about 12 miles outside of Erbil. Visitors can enjoy hiking, swimming, and picnicking in this scenic location.

Minare Park

Minare Park is a popular recreational spot in Erbil, offering stunning views of the city’s skyline. Visitors can go for a walk or picnic in the park, as well as take in views of the historic Minaret of Erbil.

Chavi Land

Chavi Land is a fun-filled theme park located just outside of Erbil. It features a range of rides and attractions for visitors of all ages, including a Ferris wheel, roller coaster, and water park.

Hiking/Biking Routes of Erbil

Gokcheh Dagh Hiking Trail

The Gokcheh Dagh Hiking Trail is a popular route that takes hikers through the Gokcheh Dagh Mountains. The trail offers stunning views of the surrounding countryside and takes hikers through beautiful forests and valleys.

Daza Gorge Biking Trail

The Daza Gorge Biking Trail is another popular route that takes bikers through the beautiful Daza Gorge. The trail is challenging but offers rewarding views of the surrounding landscape.

Best Things to Do in Erbil: Activities and Tours

Kawergosk Tour

The Kawergosk Tour is a popular excursion that takes visitors to the Kawergosk Refugee Camp, where they can meet with locals and learn about the struggles faced by refugees in Kurdistan.

Hot Air Balloon Ride

Hot air balloon rides are a unique way to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Erbil and the surrounding countryside. Visitors can book a private or group hot air balloon ride and enjoy stunning views of the city and its surroundings from above.

Week-Long Itinerary for Erbil

A week in Erbil offers visitors plenty of time to experience the city’s many cultural and natural attractions. The itinerary can include visits to the Erbil Citadel, Kurdish Textile Museum, and Shanidar Cave, as well as hiking or biking tours of the Gokcheh Dagh and Daza Gorge trails. A day trip to Chavi Land or a hot air balloon ride can also be added for a fun day out.

Day Activity
Day 1 Explore Erbil Citadel and its surrounding markets
Day 2 Visit the Kurdish Textile Museum
Day 3 Take a hike or bike tour of Gokcheh Dagh
Day 4 Visit Shanidar Cave and Bradost Mountains
Day 5 Spend a day at Chavi Land theme park or hot air balloon
Day 6 Take a Kawergosk tour to learn about local culture
Day 7 Relax at Minare Park and enjoy the city skyline

Food and Drink Scene of Erbil

Must-Try Dishes

Erbil’s cuisine is a mixture of traditional Kurdish, Arabic, and Turkish flavors, with a focus on fresh, locally sourced ingredients. Some must-try dishes include:

  • Dolma: stuffed grape leaves
  • Kebab: grilled meat skewers
  • Pacha: a soup made from sheep or cow’s head
  • Tepsi Kebab: a meat and vegetable dish baked in a clay pot

Local Beverages

Although alcohol is not widely available in Erbil due to Islamic traditions, there are still many delicious non-alcoholic beverages to try, including:

  • Ayran: a yogurt-based drink
  • Sharbat: a sweet, fruit-flavored drink
  • Tea: large teahouses are common, and tea is often served with sugar or mint

Where to Stay in Erbil: Hotels, Hostels, and Guesthouses

Erbil has a range of accommodation options to suit all budgets, including many international hotel chains and locally owned guesthouses. Some top options include:

  • Divan Erbil Hotel
  • Cristal Erbil Hotel
  • Erbil View Hotel
  • Nawroz Hotel

What to Buy in Erbil: Souvenirs and Local Products to Bring Home

Erbil’s markets and bazaars offer many unique and locally made products, including:

  • Traditional Kurdish carpets and kilims
  • Handmade pottery and ceramics
  • Spices and dried fruits
  • Local honey and olive oil

Local Culture and Customs of Erbil

Erbil is a predominantly Muslim city, and visitors should respect local customs and dress modestly. Friday is the Islamic day of rest, and many businesses may be closed. Visitors should also be aware that public displays of affection are not common in Kurdish culture.

Best Time to Visit Erbil

The best time to visit Erbil is in the spring or fall, when the weather is mild and pleasant. Summers can be very hot, with temperatures exceeding 100°F, and winters can be cold and rainy.

Do’s and Don’ts of Erbil

Do:

  • Try traditional Kurdish cuisine
  • Visit the Erbil Citadel and other historical landmarks
  • Dress modestly when visiting religious sites
  • Learn about Kurdish culture and customs

Don’t:

  • Engage in public displays of affection
  • Drink alcohol in public places
  • Disrespect Islamic traditions

Safety and Health

Safety in Erbil

Erbil is generally a safe city for travelers, although visitors should always be aware of their surroundings and take precautions against pickpocketing and other crimes. Visitors should also be aware of ongoing conflicts in surrounding areas and check travel advisories before visiting.

Health in Erbil

Visitors should consult with a doctor before traveling to Erbil and ensure that all necessary vaccinations are up to date. Travelers should also take precautions against food and waterborne illnesses by drinking bottled water and avoiding street food.

Getting to Erbil: Transportation Options and Logistics

Airports Near Erbil

Erbil International Airport is the main airport serving Erbil and is located about 15 miles outside of the city center. Many international airlines operate flights to Erbil, including Turkish Airlines, Emirates, and Qatar Airways.

Bus Stations Near Erbil

Erbil has several bus stations that serve destinations throughout Iraq and neighboring countries. Buses can be an affordable and convenient way to travel to Erbil, but travelers should be aware of potential safety concerns and check travel advisories before booking.

Other Options

Taxis and private drivers can also be hired to travel to Erbil, but visitors should ensure that they are using a licensed and reputable service.

How to Get Around in Erbil

Erbil has a range of transportation options, including taxis, buses, and private drivers. Taxis are the most convenient way to get around the city, but visitors should always negotiate prices before getting in. Public buses are also available, but they can be crowded and confusing for visitors who don’t speak Kurdish.

Where to Go Next from Erbil: Nearby Destinations and Excursions

Erbil is located in a region with many other interesting destinations for travelers to visit, including:

  • Sulaymaniyah: a vibrant cultural hub with museums and galleries
  • Dohuk: a historic city with Ottoman and Kurdish architecture
  • Gali Ali Beg Canyon: a beautiful natural wonder just outside of Erbil

Conclusion

Erbil is a fascinating and unique destination for travelers looking for a new adventure in the Middle East. With a rich history, cultural landmarks, and stunning natural wonders, there is something for everyone in this vibrant Kurdish city.

View of Erbil Citadel from the 3rd floor of the shopping center View of Erbil Citadel from the 3rd floor of the shopping center Modern area in the outskirts of the centre Modern area in the outskirts of the centre Jalil Khayat Mosque in Erbil Jalil Khayat Mosque in Erbil Kurdish Textile Museum in the Hewler Citadel Kurdish Textile Museum in the Hewler Citadel Mosaic on the Battle of Arbela Mosaic on the Battle of Arbela Parki-Shar Parki-Shar Shop in the Teyrawa bazaar Shop in the Teyrawa bazaar Outdoors at a café Outdoors at a café