Bissau Travel Guide

Discover the cultural attractions, natural wonders, and best things to do in Bissau. Get tips on food, lodging, transportation, and safety for a memorable trip to this West African gem.


Introduction to Bissau

Bissau, the capital city of Guinea-Bissau, is a hidden gem in West Africa. Founded in 1687 by the Portuguese, Bissau has been shaped by its colonial past, independence struggles, and strong cultural heritage. The city has a unique blend of African and European influences, making it an intriguing destination for travelers seeking an offbeat adventure.

Despite facing political instability and economic challenges, Bissau has plenty to offer visitors, including vibrant markets, historic landmarks, beautiful beaches, and lush nature reserves. With this complete travel guide, you’ll discover the top things to do, sights to see, and tips for a safe and enjoyable trip to Bissau.

List of Places to Visit in Bissau

Bissau is full of exciting places to explore, whether you’re interested in history, culture, or nature. Here is a list of must-see attractions in Bissau:

Culturally Important Attractions: Museums and Historical Places

  • National Ethnographic Museum of Guinea-Bissau: This museum showcases the cultural diversity and arts of Guinea-Bissau, highlighting traditional crafts, music, dance, and costumes of different tribes.
  • Fortaleza de São José da Amura: This 18th-century fortress, located on a small island in the Bijagós archipelago, served as a military base during the Portuguese rule and now stands as a symbol of Bissau’s past.
  • Praça dos Heróis Nacionais: This square, also known as Independence Square, honors the national heroes who fought for Guinea-Bissau’s independence from Portuguese colonization in 1973.

Natural Attractions of Bissau: Outdoor Adventures and Scenic Views

  • Bijagós Archipelago: This group of islands off the coast of Guinea-Bissau is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, home to diverse wildlife, traditional villages, and pristine beaches. You can go bird-watching, fishing, kayaking, or simply relaxing on the sandy shores.
  • Orango Islands National Park: This protected area encompasses several islands, mangroves, and wetlands, where you can spot rare species such as manatees, sea turtles, and saltwater hippos. You can also learn about the local Bijagó culture and traditions.
  • Cacheu River Natural Park: This park, located north of Bissau, is a birding paradise, with over 200 bird species inhabiting the riverine forests, swamps, and savannas. You can also take a boat ride to see the historic slave trade route and Portuguese ruins.

Hiking/Biking Routes of Bissau

Bissau has some excellent trails for hiking and biking enthusiasts, offering stunning views of the city and surrounding areas. Here are some popular routes to try:

  • Ilha de Bubaque Loop: This 90 km loop takes you from Bissau to Bubaque Island through scenic villages and beaches, with some challenging hills and off-road sections.
  • Ponte Caetano Trail: This 10 km trail starts at the Ponte Caetano Bridge near Bissau and winds through mangroves, fields, and forests. You can admire the wildlife and flora along the way, as well as the stunning sunset over the river.

Best Things to Do in Bissau: Activities and Tours

Bissau offers a range of exciting activities and tours for visitors of all ages and interests. Here are some suggestions:

  • Visit a Local Market: Take a stroll through Bissau’s bustling markets, such as Bandim, Madina, or Bissau Velho, where you can buy fresh produce, handicrafts, and souvenirs. You can also interact with friendly locals and try some street food.
  • Join a Guinea-Bissau Discovery Tour: This walking tour through Bissau’s historic center covers the main sights, such as the Presidential Palace, the Supreme Court, and the Catholic Cathedral, as well as lesser-known places and anecdotes. You can learn about the city’s layered past and present.
  • Take a Boat Safari in the Bijagós Islands: This full-day tour takes you on a motorized pirogue to explore the hidden corners of the Bijagós archipelago, including the traditional village of Soga, the sacred island of Orango, and the crocodile-infested river of Anor.

Week-Long Itinerary for Bissau

To make the most out of your trip to Bissau, you can follow this suggested itinerary for a week-long stay:

Day 1: Arrive in Bissau, settle in your accommodation, and explore the city center on foot.

Day 2: Join a heritage walking tour of Bissau and visit the National Ethnographic Museum.

Day 3: Take a day trip to the Bijagós Islands and enjoy a boat safari, bird watching, and beach time.

Day 4: Visit the Fortaleza de São José da Amura, walk along the Bissau seashore, and try some seafood.

Day 5: Venture out to the Cacheu River Natural Park and take a guided hike or canoe ride.

Day 6: Discover the local culture by attending a traditional music or dance performance, such as Capoeira.

Day 7: Shop for souvenirs and relax in one of Bissau’s parks or cafes before departing.

Food and Drink Scene of Bissau

Guinea-Bissau’s cuisine is a reflection of its cultural diversity and natural resources, such as seafood, rice, cassava, and palm oil. You can try some of these local delicacies and drinks in Bissau:

Must-Try Dishes

  • Caldo de Peixe: a delicious fish stew with vegetables, palm oil, and spices, usually served with rice or fufu.
  • Xerém: a creamy porridge made of cornmeal, coconut milk, and sugar, a popular breakfast dish.
  • Jollof Rice: a West African rice dish, cooked with tomato sauce, onions, and chicken, often served at celebrations.

Local Beverages

  • Braga: a refreshing non-alcoholic drink made of hibiscus flowers, sugar, and lime, popular in Bissau’s street cafes.
  • Pontche: a sweet rum-based cocktail made of cashew fruit or passion fruit, often served at parties and bars.
  • Guinea-Bissau Coffee: a high-quality arabica coffee, grown in the country’s interior regions, with a fruity aroma and smooth taste.

Where to Stay in Bissau: Hotels, Hostels, and Guesthouses

Bissau has several accommodation options, ranging from budget-friendly to luxury hotels, hostels, and guesthouses. Here are some recommendations:

  • Azalai 24 de Setembro: This elegant hotel, located in the heart of Bissau, offers comfortable rooms, a swimming pool, a gym, and several dining options.
  • Yibaa Hotel & Lodge: This eco-lodge, located on a hilltop overlooking Bissau, offers spacious bungalows, a restaurant, a bar, and nature activities.
  • Residencial Classico de Bissau: This budget guesthouse, located in a quiet residential area of Bissau, offers clean rooms, a garden, and a friendly staff.

What to Buy in Bissau: Souvenirs and Local Products to Bring Home

Guinea-Bissau has a rich artistic and handicraft tradition, with many talented artists and artisans creating unique pieces of art and decor. Here are some ideas for things to buy in Bissau:

  • Wood Carvings: Guinea-Bissau is known for its intricate wood carvings, such as masks, figurines, and furniture, made of African mahogany or iroko wood.
  • Textiles: Traditional fabrics, such as batik and wax prints, are popular in Guinea-Bissau, and you can find them in local markets or specialized shops.
  • Cashew Nuts: Guinea-Bissau is one of the world’s largest producers of cashew nuts, and you can buy them fresh or roasted as a snack or souvenir.

Local Culture and Customs of Bissau

Guinea-Bissau is a diverse country with many ethnic groups and religions, including animism, Islam, and Christianity. Here are some things to keep in mind when visiting Bissau:

  • Greetings: It is polite to greet people, especially elders, with a handshake, a smile, and a few words in the local Creole language, such as “Bom dia” (good morning) or “Obrigado” (thank you).
  • Dress Code: Guinea-Bissau is a conservative society, and it is recommended to dress modestly, covering your shoulders and knees, especially in religious or formal settings.
  • Music and Dance: Music and dance are central to Guinea-Bissau’s culture, and you can attend festivals, concerts, or ceremonies to experience the rhythms and movements of the locals.

Best Time to Visit Bissau

Bissau has a tropical climate with two seasons: the dry season (November to May) and the rainy season (June to October). The best time to visit Bissau is during the dry season, when the weather is sunny, mild, and less humid. The peak season is from December to February, with higher prices and crowds, but also more cultural events and festivals.

Do’s and Don’ts of Bissau

To have a safe and respectful trip to Bissau, here are some do’s and don’ts to follow:

Do:

  • Learn some basic Creole or Portuguese phrases to interact with locals.
  • Ask for permission before taking photos of people, especially women or children.
  • Bring insect repellent, sunscreen, and a hat to protect yourself from the sun and mosquitoes.

Don’t:

  • Display valuables, such as jewelry, cameras, or cash, in public places.
  • Drink tap water or eat raw or uncooked food that might cause stomach problems.
  • Engage in political or religious discussions, which might be sensitive or controversial topics.

Safety and Health

While Bissau is generally safe for travelers, it is advisable to take some precautions and be aware of potential risks. Here are some tips for safety and health in Bissau:

Safety in Bissau

  • Stay vigilant and avoid walking alone at night or in unfamiliar neighborhoods.
  • Use licensed taxis or public transportation with caution, and negotiate the fare beforehand.
  • Carry a photocopy of your passport and visa, and leave the original, as well as your valuables, in a safe place.

Health in Bissau

  • Schedule a medical check-up and get vaccinated against common diseases, such as yellow fever, malaria, and hepatitis A and B.
  • Use mosquito nets, insect repellent, and wear long-sleeved clothes to avoid bites.
  • Drink bottled water and avoid ice or beverages made with tap water.

Getting to Bissau: Transportation Options and Logistics

Bissau is accessible by air, land, and sea, depending on your location and budget. Here is some information on getting to Bissau:

  • By Air: The Osvaldo Vieira International Airport (OXB) serves Bissau, with direct flights from Lisbon, Dakar, and some West African capitals. Some airlines that operate to OXB include TAP Portugal, Royal Air Maroc, and ASKY Airlines.
  • By Land: Bissau is connected to the neighboring countries of Senegal, Guinea, and Guinea-Bissau by several bus and taxi routes, but the roads can be bumpy and challenging. It is recommended to check the safety and visa requirements before traveling overland.
  • By Sea: Bissau has a port that connects it to some nearby islands and West African countries, but the schedules and services can be irregular and limited.

Airports Near Bissau

  • Osvaldo Vieira International Airport (OXB): Located in the city center of Bissau, OXB is the main airport of Guinea-Bissau, with daily flights and services.

Bus Stations Near Bissau

  • Janjanbureh Bus Station: Located in the Gambia, this bus station offers services to Bissau through various operators.
  • Garage Pompidou Bus Station: Located in Dakar, Senegal, this bus station connects Bissau with several cities in Senegal.

Other Options

  • Private Car Rental: You can hire a private car with a driver to travel around Bissau or neighboring countries, but the costs and conditions vary.
  • Boat Charter: You can rent a boat or join a tour to visit the islands or riverine areas near Bissau, but the safety and quality might depend on the provider.

How to Get Around in Bissau

Bissau has several transportation options to move around the city and its surroundings:

  • Taxis: Taxis are the most common mode of transportation in Bissau, and you can find them at taxi stands or by flagging them down on the streets. It is advisable to negotiate the fare before getting in and to use licensed taxis.
  • Minibuses: Minibuses or “gbakas” are shared vans that operate on fixed routes, and they can be crowded and noisy. You can ask the locals for directions and prices.
  • Moto-taxis: Moto-taxis or “candidatos” are motorbikes that offer quick and cheap rides, but they can be risky as they don’t provide helmets or insurance. It is recommended to use them cautiously and to agree on the fare upfront.

Where to Go Next from Bissau: Nearby Destinations and Excursions

Bissau is a hub for exploring Guinea-Bissau’s diverse landscapes and culture, as well as neighboring countries. Here are some destinations and excursions to consider:

  • Cufada Natural Park: This park, located south of Bissau, is a bird watching paradise, with over 200 species residing in the mangroves and savannas.
  • Ziguinchor, Senegal: This city, located across the border with Guinea-Bissau, is a vibrant cultural and commercial center, with a lively market, rich history, and vibrant music and arts scene.
  • Bafatá Antique Market: This weekly market, held in the city of Bafatá, is an eclectic mix of exotic goods, vintage items, handicrafts, and food, attracting visitors from all over the region.

Conclusion

Bissau, Guinea-Bissau’s capital city, is a fascinating destination for travelers seeking a mix of history, culture, and nature. With its colonial buildings, colorful markets, stunning beaches, and diverse wildlife, Bissau offers plenty of opportunities for adventure and exploration, as well as relaxation and fun. By following this comprehensive tour guide, you can discover the top attractions, best things to do, and tips for a safe and rewarding trip to Bissau. So pack your bags, learn some Creole, and get ready to discover the wonders of West Africa.

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